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| 1148 |
| | Louis VII and Conrad III do grave harm to the Latin Kingdom by a feeble attack that merely alienates the previously friendly city of Damascus | |
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| 1187 |
| | Saladin destroys the Christian army of the Latin kingdom in a battle below the Horns of Hattin | |
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| 1187 |
| | Saladin captures various Crusader fortresses and walled cities, including Acre | |
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| 1187 |
| | Saladin takes Jerusalem and treats the Christian inhabitants with a consideration unusual for the time | |
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| 1191 |
| | The Muslim garrison of Acre surrenders to Richard I, who orders the massacre of 2700 of its members | |
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| 1191 |
| | The Teutonic Knights are founded to run a hospital in Acre, in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem | |
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| 1228 |
| | Frederick II, leader of the sixth crusade, briefly recovers Jerusalem for the Christians by negotiating with the Muslims | |
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| 1260 |
| | At Ayn Jalut, near Nazareth, the Egyptian Mamelukes defeat the Mongol army of Hulagu - the first military setback for the Mongols | |
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| c. 1275 |
| | The Mamelukes control Palestine and Syria, bringing the region securely back into Muslim hands | |
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| 1303 |
| | The Knights Templars withdraw from the island of Arwad, the last foothold of the crusaders in the Middle East | |
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